《Science》杂志以Ferrets Shed Light on New Virus’s Severity and Spread为新闻标题刊出了关于甲型H1N1流感的最新科研观点，详细介绍了网络版最新发表的两篇关于甲型H1N1病毒的研究，并提出了关于甲型H1N1流感传播能力的研究争论。
有两个研究团队对这甲型H1N1流感传播能力和严重性进行了研究。一队来自荷兰，一队来自美国。新型甲型流感病毒引发的流感症状与传统的季节性流感有所不同，除了经典的流感症状外，还有通常没有的症状如腹泻肠胃不适和呕吐等。两个研究小组都选用的雪貂作为模型动物，雪貂是一种极好的流感研究模型动物，其感染流感的细胞受体以及病毒对机体的侵害方式都与人类十分相似。科学家们将新型流感与季节性流感感染雪貂，结果发现，两种病毒雪貂呼吸道中的传播复制能力有所不同。季节性流感病毒停留在雪貂的鼻腔之中，而新流感则能在呼吸道中更为广泛地复制，可以向下延伸至肺部，甚至延伸到肠道。两队研究人员在新流感传染能力的研究上有一定的分歧，美国研究小组认为新流感的传播能力比季节性流感病毒要弱；而荷兰研究小组认为新流感的传播能力比季节性流感病毒要强。
News of the Week
Pandemic Influenza:
Ferrets Shed Light on New Virus’s Severity and Spread
Published Online July 2, 2009
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1177238
Reports
Submitted on June 3, 2009
Accepted on June 23, 2009
Transmission and Pathogenesis of Swine-Origin 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza Viruses in Ferrets and Mice
2 Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, E25-519, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
3 Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Terrence M. Tumpey , E-mail: tft9@cdc.gov
Recent reports of mild to severe influenza-like illness in humans caused by a novel swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus underscore the need to better understand the pathogenesis and transmission of these viruses in mammals. Here, selected 2009 A(H1N1) isolates were assessed for their ability to cause disease in mice and ferrets, and compared with a contemporary seasonal H1N1 virus for their ability to transmit by respiratory droplets to naïve ferrets. In contrast to seasonal influenza H1N1 virus, 2009 A(H1N1) viruses caused increased morbidity, replicated to higher titers in lung tissue, and were recovered from the intestinal tract of intranasally inoculated ferrets. The 2009 A(H1N1) viruses exhibited less efficient respiratory droplet transmission in ferrets in comparison to the high-transmissible phenotype of a seasonal H1N1 virus. Transmission of the 2009 A(H1N1) viruses was further corroborated by characterizing the binding specificity of the viral hemagglutinin to the sialylated glycan receptors (in the human host) using dose-dependent direct receptor binding and human lung tissue binding assays.
Published Online July 2, 2009
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1177127
Reports
Submitted on June 1, 2009
Accepted on June 23, 2009
Pathogenesis and Transmission of Swine-Origin 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza Virus in Ferrets
,,
2 National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ron. A. M. Fouchier , E-mail: r.fouchier@erasmusmc.nl
These authors contributed equally to this work.
The swine-origin influenza A(H1N1) virus that has emerged in humans in early 2009 has raised concerns about pandemic developments. In a ferret pathogenesis and transmission model, the 2009 A(H1N1) virus was found to be more pathogenic than a seasonal A(H1N1) virus, with more extensive virus replication occurring in the respiratory tract. Replication of seasonal A(H1N1) virus was confined to the nasal cavity of ferrets, but 2009 A(H1N1) also replicated in the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. Virus shedding was more abundant from the upper respiratory tract for 2009 A(H1N1) virus by comparison with seasonal virus, and transmission via aerosol or respiratory droplets was equally efficient. These data suggest that the 2009 A(H1N1) virus has the ability to persist in the human population, potentially with more severe clinical consequences.
标签：H1N1, 救援, 科学杂志
