自古以来，蘑菇一直被列为上等佳肴。英国《英国泌尿学杂志》（BJU Int）最新一期报道，美国学者研究发现，蘑菇不仅味道鲜美、营养丰富，还是防治癌症的高手。而英国肿瘤学专家研究指出，莲花菇可使肿瘤缩小75%
这项刊登在最新一期《英国泌尿学杂志》的研究指出，对于前列腺癌和膀胱癌的患者来说，一种名为舞茸（maitake mushroom），俗称莲花菇、灰树花的菇类可有效抑制癌细胞的生长，使肿瘤缩小75%。美国纽约医科大学仙助金野博士解释道，舞茸之所以具有如此神奇的功能，主要是因为从这种蘑菇中可以提取出一种抗癌蛋白质，产生了能够抑制肿瘤细胞生长的干扰素，从而改善癌症患者的生存质量。
除了舞茸，整个蘑菇家族都具有抗癌的能力。蘑菇中含有的多糖体是抗癌活性物质，可以促进抗体形成，使机体对肿瘤产生免疫能力，抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。从中医的角度来讲，蘑菇滋阴、益气、健脾，可以减轻化疗等治疗手段带来的毒副作用。另外，经常化疗还会伤害患者的肝脏，而蘑菇具有保肝护肝的作用。因此，癌症患者应该多吃菇类食物。此外，平菇、草菇对肿瘤细胞也有很强的抑制作用。如果将这些菇类与芦笋搭配着吃，可以有效预防淋巴瘤，再往里面加一些薏仁，对预防和治疗肠癌有很好的效果。如果跟西兰花、卷心菜、胡萝卜、红薯搭配着吃，也能增强防癌和抗癌的效果。
在防癌方面，菇类更是技高一筹。北京市食用菌协会会长王贺祥指出，多吃蘑菇等食用菌可以有效提高机体免疫力，使机体非特异性免疫功能、体液免疫功能和细胞免疫功能全面提高，还能促进肿瘤坏死因子的产生，加快癌细胞凋亡。常见的菇类有金针菇、平菇、香菇、猴头菇、草菇等。不管是哪种菇类，都是防癌的首选食物。其中以香菇的防癌效果最好，但香菇属于发物，过敏体质的人最好少吃。另外，猴头菇富含不饱和脂肪酸，能有效预防消化道肿瘤，但烹饪时一定要软烂，营养才能完全析出。
| 天下美食 麻辣烫 珍珠奶茶 四季食补 凉茶配方 |
BJU Int. 2009 Sep 4. [Epub ahead of print]
Synergistic potentiation of interferon activity with maitake mushroom d-fraction on bladder cancer cells.
Louie B, Rajamahanty S, Won J, Choudhury M, Konno S.
Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the combination of interferon (IFN)-alpha and maitake mushroom D-fraction (PDF), a bioactive mushroom extract, might potentiate the anticancer activity of IFN-alpha in bladder cancer T24 cells in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Effects of recombinant IFN-alpha(2b) (0-50 000 IU/mL), PDF (0-700 microg/mL), or their combinations were assessed on T24 cell growth at 72 h. Cell cycle analysis and assays for double-stranded DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) were performed to explore possible antiproliferative mechanism of these agents. RESULTS IFN-alpha(2b) was able to induce a significant ( approximately 50%) growth reduction at 20 000 IU/mL, which further declined to approximately 66% at 50 000 IU/mL. PDF had no effects up to 200 microg/mL, but there was an approximately 20% and approximately 53% growth reduction at 400 and 700 microg/mL, respectively. When the varying concentrations of IFN-alpha(2b) and PDF were combined, 10 000 IU/mL of IFN-alpha(2b) combined with 200 microg/mL of PDF resulted in an approximately 75% growth reduction. This was accompanied by a G(1) cell cycle arrest, shown by cell cycle analysis. Concurrently, DNA-PK activity in IFN-alpha(2b)/PDF-treated cells was almost three-fold higher than controls. CONCLUSIONS The combination of IFN-alpha(2b) (10 000 IU/mL) and PDF (200 microg/mL) reduced growth by approximately 75% in T24 cells. This appears to be due to a synergistic potentiation of these two agents, inducing a G(1) arrest with DNA-PK activation. Therefore, the IFN-alpha(2b)/PDF combination could trigger DNA-PK activation that may act on the cell cycle to cease cancer cell growth.
标签：中草药, 养生, 生物医药
